The Decisive Battles of World History By Gregory Aldrete

The Decisive Battles of World History By Gregory Aldrete

Examine the military clashes that have had the greatest impact on history in this broad course that ranges from chariot fights in ancient Egypt to present conflicts.

Trailer of The Decisive Battles of World History | Gregory Aldrete

01:What Causes a Battle to Be Decisive?

Consider the ways in which battle may alter the path of history. Examine the characteristics that make a military conflict “decisive,” such as its involvement in power transfers and its social and political consequences, and evaluate combat analysis as a method for understanding history.

33 min

02:1274 B.C. The Greatest Chariot Battle of Kadesh

The Battle of Kadesh marked the beginning of an exceptional period of calm in the ancient Near East. Follow the strategies and tactics of the Egyptian and Hittite armies as they battle in their respective war chariots. Follow the strange chain of events that led to a unique accord, a predecessor of peaceful diplomacy.

32 min

03:479 B.C. Plataea-Greece Gains Independence

In the year 479 B.C. At the Battle of Plataea, Greek “hoplite” soldiers fighting in phalanxes clashed with the Persian superpower’s powerful army. Learn how this spectacular encounter stopped the Persian threat to Greece and allowed for the blooming of Greece’s cultural Golden Age.

32 min

04:331 B.C. The Genius of Gaugamela-Alexander

Alexander’s victory at Gaugamela saw the spread of Greek civilization across the Macedonian Empire. Trace Alexander’s campaign against the Persians that led to the fight, as well as his brutal clash with the Persian army, and comprehend the ingenious moves that enabled him to overcome his foe’s enormous advantages on the battlefield.

34 min

05:197 B.C. Phalanx vs. Cynoscephalae-Legion

Two opposing military systems battled in 197 B.C. Learn about Philip V of Macedon’s phalanx system, Alexander’s legacy, and the rising Romans with their “manipular” army built on flexible sections of troops. Examine the battle’s far-reaching ramifications and their impact on global history.

33 min

06:31 B.C. The Roman Empire is born at Actium.

This major naval war was the outcome of internal turmoil within republican Rome. Follow the heated struggle between Mark Antony and Octavian for dominance of Rome, which culminated in the catastrophic events of the encounter, and see how it marked the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire.

31 min

07:260-110 B.C. China’s Unification Struggles

Warfare in the third and second century B.C. were vital in shaping China’s subsequent history. Investigate ancient Chinese military technologies and the struggles that brought the early Qin and Han rulers together to form a unified China from a variety of adversarial kingdoms.

32 min

08:636 Yarmouk and al-Qadisiyyah-Islam Win

The Islamic Rashidun forces destroyed two long-established empires in these epic confrontations. Learn about their victories against the Byzantine army at Yarmouk and the Sassanid troops at al-Qadisiyyah, which shaped the Middle East’s cultural, linguistic, and religious landscape for the following 1,500 years.

32 min

09:751 Talas and 1192 Tarain-Islam arrive in Asia.

This lecture looks at military encounters involving people from very different civilizations. Learn about the 751 conflict between Chinese Tang armies and the Abbasid Caliphate, which changed Central Asia’s religious direction. Then, in 1192, there was a fight between Indian Rajputs and a Turkish Islamic army, which had long-lasting consequences for Indian culture.

30 min

Hastings-William Conquers England at 10:1066

The Battle of Hastings altered both English and international history. Meet the legendary character of William the Conqueror and his 1066 invasion of England to capture the throne. Witness the horrible battle of Hastings and its consequence, which shifted England’s focus away from Scandinavian dominance and toward Europe.

30 min

Hattin-Crusader Desert Disaster at 11:1087

The theological and cultural consequences of the Christian Crusades may still be felt today. Investigate the beginnings of the Crusades and the events that led to the catastrophic clash between Islamic and Christian armies at Hattin, which drastically changed the path of the conflicts.

31 min

Can the Mongols Be Stopped at 12:1260 Ain Jalut?

Consider a military culture that threatens practically all Asian and European civilizations. Examine the Mongols’ ascent, frightening conquests, and incredible military prowess. Witness their confrontation with the Egyptian Mamluks in 1260, when they suffered a rare Mongol loss that essentially ended their Western advance.

30 min

13:1410 Tannenberg-Knights’ Cataclysm

The troops of Poland and Lithuania faced up against the fierce Germanic order of the Teutonic Knights in this 15th-century combat. Learn about the political context of the brutal fight at Tannenberg, the horrible events on the battlefield, and the war’s profound symbolic importance, which is still felt today.

29 min

14: Obscure Turning Points in Frigidus, Badr, and Diu

This lecture addresses wars that had significant consequences, yet knowledge about the precise events involved is limited. Consider the fights of the Frigidus River and Badr, both crucial turning moments in global religions, as well as the battle of Diu, which marked the beginning of Europe’s ascendancy to world dominance.

30 min

Tenochtitlan-Aztecs vs. Conquistadors, 15:1521

The Spanish conquest of the Americas in the 16th century produced some of the most unique military confrontations in history. Learn about Hernán Cortés’ effort to capture Mexico and how less than 1,000 Spaniards conquered the powerful Aztec Empire, which commanded armies of tens of thousands of soldiers.

30 min

Cajamarca-Inca vs. Conquistadors 16:1532

Carry on Spain’s battle against the large and well-organized Inca Empire. Follow the daring tactics of Francisco Pizarro’s soldiers, who were helped by European military technology and included the kidnapping and ransom of the Incan emperor, allowing 190 men to defeat an army of 40,000.

30 min

In India, 17:1526 & 1556 Panipat-Babur & Akbar

The Indian village of Panipat saw two pivotal 16th-century conflicts. Learn about the Mughal emperors’ ascent and the military battles that first allowed them to push into India and then secured their grip, creating a dynasty that would endure for centuries.

31 min

18:1571 Lepanto-The Galleys’ Last Gasp

The Ottoman Turks’ victories resulted in the biggest naval conflict of the Renaissance. Follow the establishment of the Holy League, an alliance of Christian countries against the invading Ottomans, as well as the events leading up to Lepanto and the epic naval combat that stopped Turkish intrusions into Christendom’s coastal frontiers.

31 min

19:1592 The Mighty Turtle Ships of Sacheon-Yi

These massive naval battles left indelible marks on two countries. The Japanese takeover of Korea in 1592, the incredible naval technology involved, and the spectacular successes of Korean admiral Yi Sun-shin, whose strategic efforts repulsed two invasions and established him as one of the greatest admirals of all time, are all documented.

30 min

Sekigahara-Samurai Showdown at 20:1600

Learn about the underlying politics and the important individuals in the struggle in this epic chapter of the samurai age, including one whose wavering devotion took an amazing turn on the battlefield. Follow the events that united Japan under a shogun dynasty that would reign for 250 years.

30 min

The Great Ottoman Siege of Vienna, 21:1683

The Ottoman campaign to take Vienna was one of the most extensive and crucial in Ottoman history. Investigate the siege’s history, as well as military technology and tactics on both sides. Follow the growing conflict and the vital role of the Polish-Lithuanian army, and learn why Vienna was a watershed moment for the Ottoman Empire.

30 min

22:1709 Poltava-Sweden’s Decline, Russia’s Ascension

Sweden became the most powerful state in northern Europe in the 17th century. Learn about Swedish King Charles XII, his desire to conquer Russia, and his adversary, the clever and determined Tsar Peter I. Witness the Swedish invasion and battlefield events that marked a turnaround of fortunes for the two nations.

31 min

23:59 Quebec-North America Battle

This pivotal event in England and France’s Seven Years War influenced the destiny of North America. Explore the fight through the eyes of opposing commanders as the British launch an attack on Quebec City. Observe the incredible coincidence that favored the British in the encounter, resulting in a momentous political conclusion.

30 min

Trenton, 24:1776–The Revolution’s Darkest Hour

The American colonists’ uprising looked to be destined for disaster in late 1776. Discover the significant events that shaped the conflict in this section. Learn how, in two pivotal engagements, George Washington employed daring moves to surprise and confound the British, rescuing and rejuvenating the revolutionary cause.

29 min

Trafalgar-Nelson Defeats Napoleon 25:1805

After conquering most of Europe, Napoleon Bonaparte set his eyes on England in 1805. Examine the events that led up to Napoleon’s united French and Spanish fleet colliding with Admiral Horatio Nelson’s British navy. Witness the historic battle that marked the beginning of Napoleon’s collapse.

30 min

Leipzig-The Grand Coalition, 26:1813

During this huge battle, a coalition of seven European nations banded together to confront Napoleon. Follow the lead-up military engagements to Leipzig, when four armies ultimately converged on Napoleon’s soldiers. Follow the battle’s complicated developing and the occurrence that turned it into an absolute catastrophe for the French.

31 min

Ayacucho-South American Independence Day, July 27, 1824

Numerous independence movements arose in Central and South America in the early nineteenth century. Learn about three main men who were prominent in these conflicts, their audacious plot to free Peru, and the battle on the Ayacucho plain that ended Spanish dominance in Latin America.

31 min

San Jacinto-Mexico’s Great Loss 28:1836

Meet the larger-than-life leaders of this epic battle, Sam Houston and Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. Follow the tensions between the Mexican government and the Texas province, which culminated in an 18-minute fight that resulted in Texas independence and the United States receiving roughly one-third of its continental area.

30 min

29:1862 Antietam–The Bloodiest Day of the Civil War

The Confederacy seemed to be on the verge of achieving independence at the time of this pivotal battle in the American Civil War. analyze the lengthy, violent fight between North and South, and analyze how a minor Union win changed the direction of the war.

30 min

Koniggratz-Bismarck Molds Germany 30:1866

The historic battle of Königgrätz established a unified Germany. Analyze the competing Prussian and Austrian troops, and keep an eye on the Prussian push to seize the German-speaking nations aligned with Austria. Follow the conflict as it unfolds, blow by blow, and see how easily Prussia’s smashing win might have turned into a terrible loss.

30 min

Tsushima-Japan humiliates Russia on December 31, 1905

In this historic conflict, a modern Japanese naval force surprised the globe. Learn about Japan’s 19th-century industrialization and militarism, its fight with an expansionist Russia, and the maritime war that profoundly transformed Western perceptions of Japan, announcing its arrival as a significant force on the world arena.

31 min

Marne-Paris is saved at 32:1914.

This fortuitous conflict defined World War I. Examine the German and French war preparations, as well as major blunders in planning by each side. Follow the attack that started the war, the German commander’s disastrous change of plans, and the fight that resulted in a terrifying four-year stalemate for both sides.

28 min

Khalkin Gol-Sowing the Seeds of WWII 33:1939

In this case, a little conflict in Mongolia had far-reaching consequences. Follow the tensions between Russia and Japan as they escalated into a violent border clash that no party wanted. Understand how this one incident influenced both the onset of war in the Pacific and Europe, as well as the fate of the war.

31 min

Midway, 34:1942–Four Minutes Change Everything

The introduction of aircraft carriers heralded a crucial new era in naval combat. Witness the most dramatic and decisive of the “carrier versus carrier” clashes, in which a few minutes’ worth of events irrevocably shifted the balance of power in the Pacific to the US.

30 min

Hitler’s Ambitions Crushed 35:1942 Stalingrad

Consider the German invasion of Russia at the height of the European war, which gathered the entire weight of Hitler’s war machine. Follow the fight of supposedly unstoppable German panzer divisions with the Red Army and the Russian winter that brought Nazi Germany to an end.

30 min

36:Recent and Not-so-Recent Decisive Battles

Finally, analyze two great confrontations that are widely regarded to be among the most significant of all time, and discover how rigorous study throws doubt on that judgment in the course’s conclusion.

39 min

DETAILS

Overview

The Decisive Battles of World History | Gregory Aldrete explores the military engagements that have had the greatest influence on affecting the course of historical events and defining our planet. This course, which spans over 4,000 years of history, examines more than three dozen historic military encounters, ranging from Western world landmark wars to Asian, Indian, and Middle Eastern equivalents.

The Decisive Battles of World History By Gregory Aldrete’s 36 energetic lectures provide crucial historical context, vivid depictions of the battles themselves, and a detailed examination of their impact on the course of history.

About

Gregory Aldrete

My aims as an ancient historian are to convey my love for and fascination with antiquity, as well as to demonstrate some of the similarities between that world and our own.

Dr. Gregory S. Aldrete is a Humanistic Studies and History Professor at the University of Wisconsin, Green Bay, where he has taught since 1995. He received his B.A. from Princeton University, as well as his master’s and doctorate degrees in Ancient History from the University of Michigan. Professor Aldrete was chosen the winner of his university’s top prizes in both scholarship and teaching, winning both the Founders Association Award for Excellence in Scholarship and the Founders Association Award for Excellence in Teaching. In 2009, he received the American Philological Association Award for Excellence in the Teaching of Classics at the College Level, the national teaching award given annually by the professional association of classics professors. Professor Aldrete has received numerous prestigious research fellowships, including five from the National Endowment for the Humanities. He has written several important books in his field, including Gestures and Acclamations in Ancient Rome, Floods of the Tiber in Ancient Rome, Daily Life in the Roman City: Rome, Pompeii, and Ostia, The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Daily Life I: The Ancient World (as editor), and Unraveling the Linothorax Mystery:

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